Dacilon (Dactinomycin) 0.5 mg
Dacilon is an antineoplastic antibiotic. Active ingredient: Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D) 0.5 mg.
Manufacturer: Celon Laboratories (India). It is one of the most effective drugs for pediatric solid tumors.
Mechanism of Action:
Dactinomycin inhibits cell proliferation by binding to DNA and blocking the transcription of RNA. This prevents the synthesis of proteins essential for cancer cell survival.
✅ Primary Use: Highly effective in treating Wilms' tumor (kidney cancer in children) and Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia.
Indicated for the treatment of:
- Wilms' Tumor: Often part of a curative regimen in children.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma: Childhood muscle cancer.
- Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: Choriocarcinoma (uterine cancer).
- Ewing's Sarcoma.
⚠️ DANGER: For Intravenous (IV) Use ONLY!
Dacilon is an extremely potent vesicant. Extravasation (leakage) into subcutaneous tissue causes severe necrosis (tissue death).
Administration Guide:
- 💉 Inject into the tubing of a rapidly flowing IV infusion (saline or glucose).
- Avoid inhalation of powder or contact with skin during preparation.
Dosage: Calculated in micrograms (mcg) based on Body Surface Area (BSA) or body weight. Dosages for obese patients should be capped.
- Chickenpox (Varicella) or Herpes Zoster: Administration during these infections can be fatal due to systemic spread.
- Severe bone marrow depression.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Infants under 6 months.
Adverse reactions are common and can be severe:
- Gastrointestinal: Severe nausea and vomiting occur shortly after administration (antiemetics are required).
- Dermatologic: Alopecia (hair loss), acne, and "Radiation Recall" phenomenon (redness/burns returning to previously irradiated skin areas).
- Hematologic: Bone marrow suppression (nadir usually occurs 1-3 weeks after therapy).
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